Chapter 04 Flutter使用安卓辅助功能

可随意转载！

前言

安卓系统为我们提供了Accessibility（辅助功能）服务。安卓官方的的UI Automator也是依赖这项基础能力来完成各种复杂的自动化测试。那么在Flutter中要如何实现相同的能力呢？

一、创建插件项目

flutter create --org cn.abilitygame -t plugin -a java --platforms android ability_accessibility_plugin

输出以下日志表示成功：

All done!

Your plugin code is in ability_accessibility_plugin/lib/ability_accessibility_plugin.dart.

Your example app code is in ability_accessibility_plugin/example/lib/main.dart.


Host platform code is in the android directories under ability_accessibility_plugin.
To edit platform code in an IDE see https://flutter.dev/developing-packages/#edit-plugin-package.


To add platforms, run `flutter create -t plugin --platforms <platforms> .` under ability_accessibility_plugin.
For more information, see https://flutter.dev/go/plugin-platforms.

二、配置项目

用AndroidStudio打开项目，切换左上视图为Project，打开android目录并修改四个配置文件：

1. $ROOT/android/build.gradle
2. $ROOT/example/android/build.gradle
3. $ROOT/example/android/app/build.gradle
4. $ROOT/example/android/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties

group 'cn.abilitygame.ability_accessibility_plugin'
version '1.0'

buildscript {
    repositories {
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google' }
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter' }
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public' }
    }

    dependencies {
        // classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:4.1.0'
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.1.3'
    }
}

rootProject.allprojects {
    repositories {
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google' }
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter' }
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public' }
    }
}

apply plugin: 'com.android.library'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 31

    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
    }

    defaultConfig {
        minSdkVersion 23
    }
}

android {
    compileSdkVersion 31

    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
    }

    defaultConfig {
        // TODO: Specify your own unique Application ID (https://developer.android.com/studio/build/application-id.html).
        applicationId "cn.abilitygame.ability_accessibility_plugin_example"
        minSdkVersion 23

distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-7.4.2-all.zip

三、构建插件项目

退出Android Studio，回到命令行执行以下命令：

cd ability_accessibility_plugin/example
flutter build apk --target-platform android-arm,android-arm64 --split-per-abi

输出以下日志表示环境好了，可以开始编码了：

Flutter assets will be downloaded from https://storage.flutter-io.cn. Make sure you trust this source!

💪 Building with sound null safety 💪

Flutter assets will be downloaded from https://storage.flutter-io.cn. Make sure you trust this source!
Running Gradle task 'assembleRelease'...                           19.9s
✓  Built build/app/outputs/flutter-apk/app-armeabi-v7a-release.apk (9.8MB).

四、编辑UI

1. $ROOT/example/lib/main.dart
2. $ROOT/lib/ability_accessibility_plugin.dart
3. $ROOT/lib/accessibility_event.dart
4. $ROOT/lib/constants.dart
5. $ROOT/lib/utils.dart

五、编写安卓本地代码

1. $ROOT/example/android/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml
2. $ROOT/example/android/app/src/main/java/cn/abilitygame/ability_accessibility_plugin/AbilityAccessibilityPlugin.java
3. $ROOT/example/android/app/src/main/java/cn/abilitygame/ability_accessibility_plugin/AccessibilityListener.java
4. $ROOT/example/android/app/src/main/java/cn/abilitygame/ability_accessibility_plugin/AccessibilityReceiver.java
5. $ROOT/example/android/app/src/main/java/cn/abilitygame/ability_accessibility_plugin/Utils.java
6. $ROOT/example/android/app/src/main/res/xml/accessibilityservice.xml

六、源代码&效果展示

github源码（未开源）